The particularities of hyperthyroidism medication

Abstract

Introduction. Hyperthyroidism is an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland, that appears to genetically predisposed persons and is characterized by increased function and diffuse enlargement of the gland, accompanied by the development of symptoms of thyroid toxicity and the impairment of the functional status of different organs and systems. In Republic of Moldova, thyroid pathology ranks 2nd place in frequency among endocrine disorders, giving first place to diabetes. Of the total number of endocrine patients in 2012, 1/3 are with various forms of thyroid pathology. Compared to 2008, by 2012 the number of patients with thyroid disease doubled. The proportion of hyperthyroidism constitutes 13.5%, and that of the thyroid toxic adenoma - 1.5% of the number of patients with thyroid pathology Aim of the study. To study the current bibliographic sources, to determine: theories related to the emergencies of hyperthyroidism, the etiopathogenesis of hyperthyroidism, incidence in the Republic of Moldova, therapeutic principles for drug and surgical therapy. in addition, analyzing the observation files of the patients with hyperthyroidism, with the systematization of the obtained results. Materials and methods. Analysis of data from the observation files of 40 patients hospitalized in the "REPUBLICAN CLINICAL HOSPITAL", Endocrinology Unit, during 2019 year. Results. Women suffer more often from hyperthyroidism (82.0%), which is explained by the frequent exposure to stress factors and hereditary predisposition, data that correspond to the specialized literature. The patients manifested the following symptoms: weight loss, heart palpitations, dyspnea, restlessness, hot flushes, general weakness, photophobia, emotional lability and global ocular abnormalities. For inhibition of thyroid hormones synthesis all patients were given Tiamazolum (Tyrosol, Mercazolil). Conclusions. 1. Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by excess thyroid hormones. They are more common in women aged 20-40, but men in endemic areas can also get sick. 2. All patients underwent hyperthyroidism of different degrees and different clinical forms, with the characteristic complications of the disease: endocrine ophthalmopathy, hypertension, hepatitis.