The particularities of life quality of patients with oncological diseases

Abstract

Introduction. The quality of life is the perception of individuals about their goals, expectations, interests and ideas, satisfaction and happiness among their cultural values. Quality of life is the physical effect of patients (movement, physical activities and the ability to succeed in work and family responsibilities), social (social activities, being beneficial, body image, anxiety and depression) and psychological (life satisfaction, social support need and role function) for well-being. Aim of the study. Analyzing the medico-social and psycho-emotional particularities of patients with oncological pathologies through the standardized questionnairewith the elaboration of suggestions on the research topic. Materials and methods. The cross-selective study (2019-2020) was conducted within the Oncological Institutethrough the WHO standardized questionnaire SF-36&author annexes. The sample included 70 adults of average age 51.67±1.92 (SD = 10.49); men - 53.3% and women - 46.7%; depending on the urban / rural locality, the sample was selected 50% to 50% cases; the agreement not to disclose personal data was signed. Results.Cancer patients experience some psychological problems - stress, anxiety, depression; some physiological side effects - hair loss, pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting; some social side effects - social isolation, role and loss of function; and, finally, a deteriorating quality of life. In the study case the use of SF-36 structured these answers: 1) Physical function – 50%(95% CI: 43.70to56.29); 2) Role limitations due to physical health- 23.33%(95% CI: 19.59to27.06);3) Pain- 56.33%(95% CI:51.41 to 61.25);4) General health - 48.13%(95% CI:44.81 to 51.45); 5) Role limitations due to emotional problems- 37.78%(95% CI:25.24 to 50.32);6) Energy/ fatigue - 59.37%(95% CI: 54.19to 64.55); 7) Emotional well-being- 66.44% (95% CI:61.71 to71.17);8) Social functioning-61.67% (95% CI:56.18to 67.16).At the same time, according to sex, sleep quality was distributed: 1) very good: men - 12.5% and women respectively - 7.1%; 2) good: men - 56.2% and women - 42.9%; 3) bad: men - 31.2% and women respectively – 50.0%, the one confirms differences according to sex. Conclusions. Many factors have positive and negative effects on the quality of life. Fatigue, anxiety, worrying for the future and family, difficulties in meeting basic requirements and changes in the body image which aggravate the quality of life. Social support, economic security and confidence in recovery improve the quality of life. However, the research results alarm our major psycho-emotional and socio-medical particularities problems.