Colorectal pathologies, epidemiology and bioethical vision

Abstract

Introduction. Colorectal pathologies are increasingly common, especially colon and rectal cancer. I chose to study this topic because we have a slow but steady growth of oncological diseases in most countries of the world. People do not know the causes and symptoms of these diseases and the problem area being an intimate one, consequently the appeal to the specialist is often neglected. Aim of the study. Study of the basic epidemiological indicators of colorectal cancer in the Republic of Moldova. Elucidation of early and late detection of colorectal cancer. Materials and methods. Materials for the present study have served the data of the Cancer Registry of the Oncology Institute of the Republic of Moldova for the period of 2008-2018. Based on these data, the basic epidemiological indicators of colorectal cancer in the Republic of Moldova were studied and evaluated. The statistical analysis method has calculated the prognosis of the incidence of colonic and rectal cancer for the years 2015 – 2018. Results. Morbidity due to colorectal cancer is slowly rising, but continues to increase in recent years, in 2008 - 15.5% 000 compared to 2018 - 28.8% 000. The number of new cases of colorectal cancer detected annually in the same time period has almost doubled, from 556 to 1029 in 2018. This fact allowed colorectal cancer to be located in 2010, with morbidity of 12.6% of all neoplasms, at the forefront of the pathology structure in oncology. Conclusions. Overall survival over 5 years constitutes 46.4% in colon cancer and 43.6% in rectal cancer. This unsatisfactory result is conditioned by the low rate of early detection of this disease as well as the late addressing of patients.