Hodgkin lymphoma and secondary metachronous tumors

Abstract

Introduction: Hodgkin lymphoma is a malignant tumor of the lymphatic system. Hodgkin's disease occurs predominantly in young adults and is one of the most curable malignancies. With current treatment approaches, most patients achieve a lasting complete remission, but there is a high risk of developing in these patients’ secondary malignant tumors, and the mortality is associated with both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Purpose and objectives: Researching metachronous malignancies in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and studying the frequency of their occurrence, depending of the age, sex, clinical stages, histological forms, the administrated treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma and also the time period for developing secondary malignancies. Materials and Methods: Our study is based on 53 patients diagnosed and treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma in Oncological Institute of Republic of Moldova, all the patients where in complete remission when they developed secondary malignancy. In our study where 22 men and 31 women, with ages between 4 and 81 years. Results: According to our study the number of patients diagnosed with Hodgkin's was the highest in the age o f 11-21 for women (24,5%) and 21-31 for men (24,5%). The mix cellular form of tumors was the most frequent (43,39%). The metachronous tumors are mostly revealed in the stage IIA (39, 62%) of the disease. Our research carried out that there is a prevalence of a combined chemo-radiotherapy method of treatment (52.83%). The maximum risk of developing secondary metachronous tumors occurs over 11 to 20 years (46%), and the most frequently diagnosed tumors where lung cancer (22,64%), gastric cancer (16,98%), breast cancer( 13,20%). Conclusions: After treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma in patients may develop secondary metachronous tumors that occur more frequently in women aged 21-40 years at diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma. Metachronous secondary tumors are identified mainly in patients diagnosed with stage IIA Hodgkin lymphoma, histological variant most commonly diagnosed as mixed cellularity. The method of treatment was chosen for the majority of patient’s chemo-radiotherapeutic. Period of development of secondary tumors is 11-20 years after treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Secondary malignancies after Hodgkin Lymphoma can have different location.