Abstract:
Introduction
Diagnosis of TB in early age children is very difficult,
due to the evolution of TB in the form of various
masks of other diseases, rapid spread of the
infectious process, diversity of forms of TB, increasing
the number of patients with extrapulmonary forms,
individual reaction of the child's body.
Purpose
Determining the risk factors that lead to the
development of TB in children <3 years of age, to
ensure the optimization of early detection methods
and the improvement of TB control activities.
Material and methods
In 2017-2019 in CMHP in Chisinau were admitted 169
children, they were divided into 2 groups: I group – 122
children detected by the active method and the second
group – 47 children detected by the passive method.
Results
The majority of early aged children with TB were detected by
prophylactic examination (72.19%). The severest forms of TB
were found by the addressing. In the most frequent cases, the
children detected by the prophylactic examination were from
unsatisfactory living conditions - 88.5 ± 4.3% (p <0.001). The
most common comorbidity detected in both groups was anemia
– 26.5 ± 6.0% for group I and 25.0 ± 6.6% - in group II, p> 0.05.
Chemoprophylaxis was not performed in group I in 97.9 ± 2.2%
of cases vs. group II - 87.7 ± 4.4% of children, p <0.05. The most
common complications were dissemination – 17.0 ± 5.7%,
detected predominantly by addressing.
Conclusions
The active method of detecting TB predominates in young
children. By addressing, the most frequent were detected
disseminations (17.0%). The main risk factors for tuberculosis in
young children are: failure to perform chemoprophylaxis, the
presence of concomitant diseases.
