Evaluation of osteoarthritis duration on the bone mineral density

Abstract

Introduction: Among the rheumatic diseases osteoarthritis ranks first in the world and is the second spread ailment after ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease in Europe (Kovalenko V. M., 2009). The gradual development of osteoporosis and its invisible clinical signs lead to disease progression and severe consequences. Involutive and pathological changes in cartilage and bone tissue lead to the development of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis which are interconnected, inter-processes and progress with age and are parallel. Aims: The purpose of the work was to stress the impact of osteoarthritis duration on the bone mineral density. To achieve this goal, we examined 87 patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA), aged from 35 to 76 year (57,28 ± 2,2 year), where women predominate. results. The average duration of osteoarthritis was (7,56 ± 1,02 year). Osteopenic syndrome was diagnosed in 41,38% (n = 36) patients, among which 11 patients were diagnosed with primary osteoporosis. Results: Study of osteoarthritis disease duration influences basic densitometric parameters of the bone showing reliable differences between groups of patients with disease duration below 5 years and over 10 years. Bone mineral density decreases consequently with increasing of osteoarthritis disease duration, in the group with duration of OA over 10 years it is (0, 826 ± 0,04) g/cm2, which is 14, 32% less than in the group with duration of disease below 5 years and by 10, 02% less than in the group with disease duration from 5 to 10 years. Indicator Young - Adult was less in patients with disease duration more than 10 years - (70,33 ± 3,38)%, which is 13, 30% less than in patients with disease duration below 5 years and 7.43% percent less than in patients with disease duration from 5 to 10 years. The percentage patient’s BMD deviation from the average population rate is the lowest in patients with a osteoarthritis duration more than 10 years and is (75,67 ± 4,98%), which is 13, 58% less than in the group with duration of the disease of «1 - 5 years» and by 11, 37% less than in the group with the duration of disease of «5 -10 years.» Conclusion: Summarizing we can say that the degree of bone demineralization increases consequently with duration of OA disease.