Abstract:
Introduction. Melanoma (MM) represents a malignancy originating from melanocytes. The current WHO
classification recognizes four major clinical and pathological melanoma subtypes arising in the skin: lentigo
maligna melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma and nodular melanoma.
Aim of study. The present paper reveals the main types of cutaneous melanoma with the highlighting of
all the parameters required by the new WHO classifications, 4th edition, 2018 and AJCC 8th edition, 2017
in the histopathological bulletins.
Methods and materials. The studied material was taken from the department of pathology of the Institute
of Oncology and Timofei Mosneaga Clinical Republican Hospital. The macroscopic examination was
performed and all the cases that presented macroscopic modifications underwent histopathological
examination and immunohistochemical analysis. The positive and differential diagnosis was based on the
usual immunohistochemical reactions for melanoma: S-100, HMB45, Melan A, MART1, SOX-10, P16
and Ki-67.
Results. In most of the cases the diagnosis of melanoma was established by using the routine hematoxylin
and eosin staining and only in about 10% of cases we used immunohistochemical and molecular genetic
tests.
Conclusion. The characteristic morphological features, supported by immunohistochemistry are important
in making the correct diagnoses.
