Induction of labor versus prenatal monitoring with expectation of spontaneous labor in patients after 41 weeks of gestation

Abstract

Introduction. Induction of labor is certainly one of the most common obstetric procedures in the world: recent data indicate a percentage of 6.8 to 33% in Europe. It is practiced to prevent results such as: cesarean section, prolonged labor postpartum hemorrhage, traumatic birth. Aim of study. To determine the method of finishing the birth with fewer complications, comparing the labor induction policy versus the expectation of spontaneous labor in patients with a tendency to overmaturation. Methods and materials. An analysis of 47 articles published between 2015-2022 using the NCBI database was performed. In the induction group, labor was acquired by prostaglandins E2. And the other group of patients had non-stress tests, assessment of amniotic fluid vomiting, and fetal counts. Results. This review attests to data suggesting that nulliparous women who are induced compared to multiparous women are more likely to give birth by cesarean section. Other risk factors associated with postpartum birth: obesity and maternal age over 30 years. The Apgar score at 5 min in 11 studies was determined to be higher compared to the policy of waiting for labor. There were fewer deaths of newborns in mothers who were induced to labor, although the absolute risk of death was low. Conclusion. Induction of labor in overtreated patients decreases postnatal complications versus labor expectancy policy, according to international standards Labor induction begins at 41s + 0z. After this period, the risk of neonatal infections, antenatal death, complications increases postnatal.