Perinatal results for patients with in vitro fertilization

Abstract

Introduction. The method of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer into the uterine cavity is considered one of the most remarkable achievements and a true "technological miracle" of the 20th century, being a great opportunity for couples dealing with infertility in order to conceive a pregnancy. In the last decades, "in vitro" fertilization has become more affordable and is now widely used in medical practice. In the Republic of Moldova, out of the total number of births, about 5% occurred in the patients that undergo IVF. The birth process for these patients often differs from the physiological one, being influenced by the cause of infertility and drug therapy administered during pregnancy. Aim of study. Analysis of the factors that influenced the course of the pregnancy and the perinatal results of the women who obtained the pregnancy through the IVF procedure. Methods and materials. The article presents the data of a retrospective study, in which we analyzed the perinatal results of the women who got pregnant by IVF. The study included 500 patients who gave birth between 2016-2020 within IMSP IMC and IMSP SCM „Gh. Paladi ”. Results. The mean age of the IVF patient was 33 ± 5 years. They had a complicated obstetric history with miscarriages - 15% of cases, medical abortions - 8%, stagnant pregnancies - 8.4% and ectopic pregnancies - 16% of cases. Primary infertility was diagnosed in 58.4%, secondary infertility - 41.6% of cases. Most of the women included in the study had monofetal pregnancy - 61.2%, multiple - 38.8%. The results of the study concluded that most pregnancies were solved within 37-40 weeks in 72% of cases. Premature births occurred in 27.4% of cases. Urgent cesarean section was the way to finish the birth in 50% of cases, followed by planned cesarean section - 36% of cases, and only 14% of pregnant women gave birth naturally. Conclusion. The results confirm that pregnancy and childbirth for patients who obtained pregnancy through IVF require complex supervision because it is more often complicated by premature birth and urgent cesarean section, which leads to unfavorable perinatal outcomes.