Idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss

Abstract

Introduction. Idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss is a medical emergency, which requires immediate clinical and paraclinical examinations, as well as an appropriate and prompt treatment. In the literature there are many causes of the disease, but studies show that etiopathogenesis is determined only in 10-15% of cases. A number of special studies support the idea that any vascular injury or exposure to noise determines a local inflammatory response. Aim of study. The description of an audiological diagnostic method that allows the identification and quantification of cases with this type of hypoacusis. The identification of treatment and recovery methods with the evaluation of the auditory-verbal post-recovery results. Methods and materials. This is a review of clinical studie, trials and articles found in the databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, BMJ. The keywords used are ,,sensorineural hearing loss”, ,,mediators”, ,,inflammation” ,,cochlea”, ,,idiopathic”. Results. The resolution phase of inflammation it’s not a passive process, but an active one. Improving the resolution phase of the cochlear inflammatory process is a method of protecting auditory sensory cells, of accelerating the recovery and local reparation process, all of these contributing to the prevention and ameliorating of auditory dysfunction. The treatment of idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss is multimodal and should include, besides the well-known contemporary therapies, antioxidants agents such as essential fatty acids (Omega-3, Omega-6) Conclusion. Idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss represents a health problem with an increasing incidence because of the exposure to noise in the urban environment, but also owing to the increase of cardiovascular, metabolic, immune and neurological diseases. Knowing the function of mediators and chemical receptors involved in the inflammatory resolution phase could lead to the finding of new therapeutic strategies for sensorineural hearing loss.