Chronic generalized periodontitis, medium form. Diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

Introduction. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the periodontium associated with a dysbiotic microbial biofilm that affects the supporting tissues around the teeth, leading to the destruction of mineralised and non-mineralised connective tissues. Chronic periodontitis is one of the most commonly encountered periodontal diseases, which is characterised by its degree of severity and is the main cause of tooth loss and is considered one of the greatest threats to oral health. Aim of study. Assessment of the prevalence of periodontal disease and in particular of chronic generalised periodontitis, its mean form in different populations, risk factors and its association with systemic diseases. Discuss strategies and measures for diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease based on the literature. Methods and materials. The following search engines for scientific information were chosen: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, LILACS, OpenGrey și Google Scholar. Keywords such as periodontal disease, chronic periodontitis were used to select articles. The search engine results displayed a number of 135 articles according to the keywords entered, from these articles were selected in which were described: periodontal disease, epidemiology of periodontal disease, risk factors, systemic implications of chronic generalized periodontal disease in various diseases and treatment methods. Twenty-five patients (8 men and 17 women) aged 30-50 years, diagnosed with chronic generalized periodontitis, medium form with development of a treatment plan were included in the given study. For an objective evaluation of the condition of periodontal tissues, the following diagnostic and treatment procedures are recommended: oral hygiene, removal of dental calculus, selection of hygiene products and training in their implementation, closed and open periodontal curettage, flap surgery and guided tissue regeneration, regenerative drug therapy. Results. Significant improvement, disappearance of unpleasant odour and taste from the oral cavity, absence of bleeding and pain and a gradual cessation of tooth mobility. Conclusion. Chronic generalized periodontitis, middle form is a pathology that can be detected in both young and old people. The term "chronic generalized periodontitis" refers to a disease of a degenerativedystrophic nature. During the pathological process, the alveolar process, the bone structure, undergoes considerable changes. At the same time, periodontal tissues are affected. Currently, the disease is a serious dental problem. This is due to the fact that chronic generalized periodontitis is difficult to treat. Key words: periodontal disease, chronic periodontitis.