Dental restorations. Instrumentation, techniques

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, one of the most reliable methods of restoring hard dental tissue defects are direct aesthetic dental restorations with composite materials. Composites can be used to restore the tooth, restoring its natural and functional appearance while maintaining its structure. This type of treatment includes: changing the shape or colour of the teeth by removing defects of different etiology and location. Aim of study. To study the existing information about materials and instruments used in this type of treatment "dental restorations". Methods and materials. Ten search engines for scientific information were chosen: Google Scholar; Medline.plus, PUBMED, ScienceDirect, ScopusPreview, Medline.com, Cochranelibrary, Directory of Open Access Journals, Open Science Directory, Trip Database. Keywords such as: restorations, dental, composite materials were used to select articles. The results of the search engines displayed a number of 52 articles according to the keywords entered, from these it was selected the articles, in which methods, instruments, and composite material used in this type of treatment Direct dental aesthetic restorations were described. In the given study 10 patients were included (4 male and 6 female), aged between 25 and 35 years old, according to the place of residence 6 patients come from rural areas, and 4 from urban areas, diagnosed with dental caries, dyschromia, dysmorphic teeth, cracks, coronal fractures, with the development of a treatment plan. The direct dental restorative techniques used in the treatment of patients Results. Was a positive one with achieving the desired shape, natural colour, and with maintaining function, all of which brought back the harmonious smile, confidence in the patient. Conclusion. In order to achieve quality aesthetic dental restorations, it is necessary to respect the aesthetic parameters: height of the face, length and mobility of the lip, symmetry, incisal plane, posterior incisal plane, buccal corridor, lower lip, upper lip, asymmetry and colour of the lips, smile appearance, shape, texture, position and colour of the tooth, overall image. The indications for aesthetic restorations in patients requiring this type of treatment are: dental crowding, overflow fillings, hypoplasia, fluorosis, dyschromia, diastema, exposed dentine, surface defects, dental caries, dental crown fractures, abrasions, attrition, erosions, to improve facial appearance, to restore the functions of the dental apparatus, mastication, phonation, smile.