Rosacea in epidemiological and clinical-evolutionary synthesis among patients registered in the period 2017-2021 at the Dermatological and Communicable Diseases Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Introduction. Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that usually affects the face. The most common signs and symptoms are persistent, diffuse redness, rashes with or without pus, swelling, dilation of small blood vessels on the surface, and burning, itching or stinging, heat, and/or tightness in the face. The most affected regions of the face are the nose, cheekbones, forehead, and chin. A red, enlarged nose may occur in severe disease, a condition known as rhinophyma.The cause of rosacea is unknown. Risk factors are believed to include a family history of the condition. Aim of study. The exact incidence of rosacea remains unknown, although it is a common condition associated with severe noncutaneous diseases. Worldwide, the incidence of rosacea ranges from 1 to 20%. Among the inhabitants of Europe, it's prevalence ranges from 1.5% to 10%. It often occurs in fair-skinned women of the Caucasian race at the age of 30-50. Methods and materials. A systematic review of population-based and dermatological outpatient studies reporting the incidence of rosacea was performed using the basic data of patients registered in the Dermatological and Communicable Diseases Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova. Results. In the period 2017-2021 at the Dermatological and Communicable Diseases Hospital, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova was registered 7995 patients diagnosed with dermatological pathologies, in 6,92 % of the cases has been established rosacea. Among these patients, 36.4% were diagnosed with rosacea as the principal disease and 63.58 % as the secondary disease. Research has shown that women are more prone to rosacea, it was diagnosed in 54.6% of cases. However, in 2019 the incidence of rosacea among men was slightly higher than in women (52.9%) also the relatively small difference in previous years of the incidence of the disease between women and men (9.2%), would indicate the possibility of the tendency to equalize incidence of rosacea between genders or even increasing it in men. In most of the patients studied, gastrointestinal pathologies were detected among concomitant diseases, with the possible presence of Helicobacter and cardiovascular diseases. Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to make the conclusion that it is necessary to continue the study of the incidence of rosacea, in particular, the difference between women and men, and its causes. It is advisable to continue to study the effect of concomitant pathology and drugs on the occurrence and course of rosacea. It is necessary to develop methods of therapy and prevention.