Ocular involvement in spondyloarthritis

Abstract

Introduction. Ocular involvement in seronegative spondyloarthritis (SASN) is a current problem with the frequency and severity of ocular manifestations leading to decreased visual acuity to blindness in 2.8-10% of cases. Uveitis is the most commonly recorded manifestation among the extra-articular symptoms of SASN. Purpose. Highlighting the peculiarities, pathogenetic mechanisms of ocular involvement in SASN and clinical polymorphism based on literature data. Material and methods. Several articles in english from 2015-2022, mostly in PubMed, UpToDate ,NCBI databases using as keywords: ocular involvement in SASN, PsA,ReA, SA were studied. Articles were based on prospective and retrospective studies, including patients with ocular pathology and confirmed SASN diagnosis. Results. A total number of 207 SASN patients were evaluated for ocular manifestations. In ankylosing spondylosis (AS) 53.70% had UAA(acute anterior uveitis), 28.70% had UCA(chronic anterior uveitis), and 12.03% had dry eye features. In psoriatic arthropathy (PsA) 14.70% had UAA, 5.88% had UCA, and 8.82% had dry eye features and 17.64% had mild conjunctival congestion. In reactive arthritis(ReA) 37.50% had UAA, 16.66% had UCA, and 12.50% had dry eye features and 8.33% had episcleritis. Conclusions. In the prospective study of ocular manifestation affecting the vast majority of patients with SASN, some or other forms of ocular manifestation were found. Approximately 37.78% with anterior acute uveitis , also being the most common form of ocular involvement.