Abstract:
Modern approaches to the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis.
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic, relapsing skin
condition characterized by an inflammatory process that affects a significant
percentage of children and adults. The pathogenesis of AD is multifactorial,
involving genetic predispositions and immune system dysfunctions that heighten
skin sensitivity to external triggers.
Approximately 10-20% of children and 1-3% of adults suffer from AD,
with symptoms often manifesting within the first year of life. The clinical
presentation varies by age, with more chronic lesions and severe itching observed
in older children and adults. In infants, the disease often presents as exudative
lesions, while in older children and adults, it manifests as lichenified papules and
plaques.
Management of AD requires a comprehensive approach aimed at
improving patients' quality of life and controlling symptoms. Key components of
treatment include emollients to maintain skin barrier function, anti-itch therapies to
minimize discomfort, and topical corticosteroids (TCS) to manage inflammation.
The effective use of TCS is crucial, as they help to reduce inflammation and
alleviate symptoms like erythema and pruritus.
However, secondary bacterial infections, often from Staphylococcus
aureus, complicate AD cases, necessitating the use of combined topical
preparations that include corticosteroids and antibiotics.
The effectiveness of a combined topical ointment, Cremgen, which
contains fluocinolone (a potent corticosteroid) and gentamicin (an antibiotic). This
combination offers a synergistic effect, improving clinical outcomes by reducing
inflammation and controlling infections more effectively than monotherapy. The combined treatments represent a viable strategy for managing AD, highlighting the
importance of further research to enhance therapeutic protocols and patient care.
