Părerile părinților privind afecțiunile dermatologice la copii

Abstract

Introducere. Dermatita alergica reprezinta o problema frecvent î nta lnita î n ra ndul copiilor, ava nd un impact semnificativ asupra calita t ii viet ii. Conform datelor statistice raportate de Organizat ia Mondiala a Sa na ta t ii, la nivel mondial, 80% din copii sufera de afect iuni cutanate, ceea ce provoaca o î ngrijorare s i preocupare crescuta î n ra ndurile specialis tilor. T a rile nordice tind sa aiba rate mai mari, î n timp ce t a rile din sudul Europei au incident a mai sca zuta . I n Republica Moldova, prevalent a dermatitei alergice este î n cres tere. Scopul lucrării. Analiza s i evaluarea nivelului de cons tientizare al pa rint ilor cu copii privind dermatita alergica , inclusiv identificarea factorilor declans atori s i simptomelor asociate î n ra ndul populat iei pediatrice. Material și metode. Studiul s-a bazat pe elaborarea unui chestionar, care sa evalueze problemele s i factorii nocivi ce influent eaza pielea s i afect iunile dermatologice cu care se confrunta populat ia pediatrica . Au fost intervievat i 120 de pa rint i cu copii, studiul s-a efectuat î n perioada august-octombrie 2024. Chestionarul include 20 de î ntreba ri, tip deschis, cu variante de ra spuns. Rezultate. Farmacis tii joaca un rol esent ial î n educarea pacient ilor, recomandarea tratamentelor adecvate s i monitorizarea evolut iei afect iunii. 53,8% dintre pa rint i au ment ionat ca exista membri î n familie cu alergii cunoscute, iar 32,3% dintre copii au avut probleme de piele. Cele mai frecvente afect iuni dermatologice includ dermatita atopica (54,2%) s i dermatita seboreica (18,6%). Majoritatea pa rint ilor (66,2%) gestioneaza igiena pielii copiilor prin evitarea anumitor substant e. I n ceea ce prives te consultarea unui specialist î n domeniu, 31,3% au consultat medicul dermatolog, iar 70% au folosit produse fa ra prescript ie medicala la recomandarea farmacistului. Percept ia pa rint ilor asupra eficient ei tratamentului demonstreaza ca 68,3% sunt eficiente. Comunicarea cu medicii este apreciata ca fiind clara s i informativa de 81,4% dintre respondent i. Concluzii. Farmacis tii fac parte integranta din echipa de î ngrijire a sa na ta t ii. Aces tia, se numa ra printre cei mai de î ncredere s i cei mai accesibili profesionis ti din domeniul sa na ta t ii prin gestionarea s i î mbuna ta t irea calita t ii viet ii pacient ilor. I n mediul nat ional de sa na tate, influent at î n permanent a de schimba ri, rolul farmacistului v-a continua sa evolueze. Este esent ial, ca sistemul de sa na tate sa continue sa investeasca î n formarea continua a personalului medical, î n actualizarea protocoalelor s i schemelor de tratament, precum s i î n asigurarea accesibilita t ii la medicamente pentru tot i pacient ii, inclusiv s i cei din ra ndul copiilor. Cuvinte cheie: dermatita alergica , dermatita atopica , afect iuni dermatologice, produs medicamentos, asistent a farmaceutica.

Introduction. Allergic dermatitis is a common problem among children, having a significant impact on the quality of life. According to statistics reported by the World Health Organization, worldwide, 80% of children suffer from skin conditions, which causes increased concern and concern among specialists. Nordic countries tend to have higher rates, while southern European countries have lower incidence. In Republic of Moldova, the prevalence of allergic dermatitis is increasing. Aim of the study. To this end, we aimed to analyze the assessment of patients' level of awareness regarding allergic dermatitis, including the identification of triggers and associated symptoms among the pediatric population. Material and methods. The study was based on the development of a questionnaire for patients to assess the problems and harmful factors influencing the skin and dermatological conditions faced by children. The study was carried out between August and October 2024, through Google Forms. The questionnaire includes 20 open-ended, multiple-choice questions distributed to parents with children. Results. Pharmacists play an essential role in educating patients, recommending appropriate treatments and monitoring the progress of the condition. The analysis shows that 53.8% of parents reported having family members with known allergies, and 32.3% of children had skin problems. The most common dermatological conditions include atopic dermatitis (54.2%) and seborrheic dermatitis (18.6%). Most parents (66.2%) manage their children's skin hygiene by avoiding certain substances. Regarding the consultation of a specialist in the field, 31.3% consulted the dermatologist, and 70% used non-prescription products at the pharmacist's recommendation. The parents' perception of the effectiveness of the treatment shows that 68.3% are effective. Communication with doctors is valued as clear and informative by 81.4% of respondents. Conclusions. Pharmacists are an integral part of the health care team. They are among the most trusted and accessible healthcare professionals by managing and improving the quality of life of patients. In our ever-changing healthcare environment, your role as a pharmacist will continue to evolve. It is essential that the health system continues to invest in the continuous training of medical personnel, in the updating of protocols and treatment schemes, as well as in ensuring the accessibility of medicines for all patients, including those among children.