Abstract:
Severe contusion is a traumatic brain injury that affects brain function and is considered a reason for the early
treatment. It is important to note that cerebral contusion foci can be treated both surgically and medically. It is
important to determine which method is better and when to use each of them. The comparative analysis of
medical and surgical treatment of contusion foci. Confirmation and argumentation of the effectiveness,
advantages, and disadvantages of each treatment method. A bibliographic analysis of publications, including a
systematic review of clinical-scientific studies from 2005 to 2025, was carried out. Data were collected on
patients, treatment outcomes, effectiveness, complications, advantages and disadvantages of these treatment
methods and results obtained after a long-term period following treatment. Treatment of severe brain
contusion includes several modalities such as surgical and conservative treatment. Scientific studies and clinical
cases have established that medical treatment is preferable in cases where the contusion focus does not have a
mass effect and the midline structures are displaced by < 5mm, as well as for patients with contraindications to
surgery. In contrast, a surgical approach is required when the brain contusion has extensive limits, pronounced
cerebral edema, and displacement of structures > 5mm. However, while medical treatment may be less
effective, surgical treatment can have certain complications. This study demonstrates that cerebral contusion
can be treated by multiple methods, but the choice should be based on the location, extent, degree of
compression, and time elapsed since the onset of the trauma. Each method is effective, but the decision should
be made individually for each patient.
