Abstract:
Background. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease associated with
persistent inflammation, symmetric joint involvement, and a progressive, deforming, and
destructive course. Dyslipidemias significantly contribute to disease progression and the
emergence of extra-articular complications.
Objective(s). The aim of this review was to analyze current data on the impact of the lipid
profile on rheumatoid arthritis progression and to highlight its prognostic and therapeutic
potential.
Materials and methods. A systematic review of scientific publications indexed in PubMed
and Web of Science covering the period from 2000 to 2024 was carried out. The included
sources were meta-analyses, observational studies, and narrative reviews assessing the link
between dyslipidemia and the clinical severity of rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Results. Most studies have highlighted an atherogenic lipid profile in patients with active
rheumatoid arthritis, characterized by decreased HDL levels and increased LDL and
triglycerides. Dyslipidemias were correlated with higher clinical scores (DAS28), major
cardiovascular risk, and accelerated radiological progression. Biological therapy was found
to have significant beneficial effects, contributing to the favorable remodeling of the lipid
profile and inflammation reduction. Some studies showed improvements under
conventional treatment. Careful monitoring of the lipid profile is essential for management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Conclusion(s). Dyslipidemias represent a potential marker of both disease severity and
progression in rheumatoid arthritis. Careful monitoring and appropriate adjustment of
therapy may have a dual beneficial effect: reducing cardiovascular risk and improving
control of the rheumatic disease.
