Background. Gastroesophageal reflux disease and ischemic heart disease have been characterized by similar clinical manifestations, especially retrosternal pain. This confusion could lead to a delay in appropriate therapy ...

Background. Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome frequently encountered in clinical practice, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The prognosis is causally related to myocardial contractility, with ...

Background. The cervical collar is a standard component in the initial management of polytrauma patients, intended to prevent secondary spinal cord injuries. However, its use must be clinically justified to avoid unnecessary ...

Background. Prevention of sports injuries is essential in training programs and recovery complexes for athletes of different level of mastership. Every year, 20-30% of athletes suffer injuries. An effective method of ...

Background. Breast cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent chronic diseases that substantially affect health. T2DM can remodel the tumor microenvironment (TME) through several mechanisms. Yet the influence ...

Background. Infective endocarditis represents a major public health challenge. The incidence of infective endocarditis is 13.8 cases per 100,000 population, causing 66,300 deaths annually worldwide. Among immunocompromised ...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is increasingly recognized as a neurodevelopmental condition influenced by complex interactions between genetic, immune, metabolic, and microbial factors. Growing evidence suggests that the ...

Background. Osteoporosis in men is frequently underdiagnosed and undertreated, although it has a major clinical impact, with severe fractures and increased mortality. The etiology is often secondary, and hormonal deficiency ...

Background. Axial spondylitis (AxSpA) - chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton, often associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). With an estimated prevalence of 1.5-2%, both share similar immunological ...

Background. Medical triage is a critical component in the efficient functioning of the Emergency Department (ED), allowing for the rapid assessment and classification of patients based on the severity of their clinical ...