Abstract:
Introduction
Vaccines represent one of the most effective measures for
preventing infectious diseases. Both globally and in the Republic of
Moldova, vaccination according to epidemiological indications plays
a crucial role in managing epidemic outbreaks. In recent decades, the
implementation of targeted vaccination strategies has contributed to
a significant decline in morbidity and mortality caused by
vaccinepreventable diseases. Continuous monitoring and adaptation
of vaccination programs to current epidemiological trends are
essential to maintaining public health security. Moreover, raising
public awareness and strengthening trust in vaccines remain vital
components in ensuring high immunization coverage. The aim of this
study is to analyze the effectiveness and coverage of vaccines
administered based on epidemiological indications in the Republic of
Moldova, by assessing their impact on public health and their
capacity to control and prevent epidemic outbreaks.
Material and methods
The study was based on data collected from the reports of the
National Agency for Public Health. The methodology included:
statistical analysis of vaccination rates and the incidence of infectious diseases before and after the introduction of specific vaccines, as
well as surveys and interviews with healthcare professionals to
evaluate perceptions and challenges related to the implementation
of vaccination programs.
Results
The COVID-19 vaccination rate reached 80.5% among the adult
population by 2023, contributing to a 45% reduction in severe cases
and associated mortality. Among healthcare workers, the vaccination
rate was higher, reaching 85.2%, which led to a significant decrease
in infections. Annual influenza vaccination coverage increased from
25% in 2013 to 68.4% in 2023-2024, resulting in a 30% reduction in
influenza cases. Among medical personnel, the influenza vaccination
coverage reached 75.2%. Vaccination against hepatitis A also showed
growth, reaching 99.2% among the population during 2014-2021,
which significantly reduced the incidence of hepatitis A outbreaks.
Conclusions
Vaccines administered according to epidemiological indications have
demonstrated significant effectiveness in reducing the incidence of
infectious diseases and in controlling epidemic outbreaks in the
Republic of Moldova.
