Background. Chronic hepatitis B is a severe liver infection with potential progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Medical ozone therapy is being investigated as a complementary treatment due to its ...

Background. Studies on long-term warfarin therapy have shown a significantly higher incidence of adverse reactions in patients over 65 years old, with approximately 10% having a documented history of multiple hospitalizations ...

Background. Senescence is an inevitable and irreversible process that induces changes in all body systems as a Results. of progressive structural and functional degeneration. Changes in the cardiovascular system mask the ...

Background. Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease associated with persistent inflammation, symmetric joint involvement, and a progressive, deforming, and destructive course. Dyslipidemias significantly ...

Background. Gastroduodenal ulcer in elderly patients is favored by an imbalance between aggressive and protective mucosal factors, senescence of the digestive tract, polypharmacy, and comorbidities. It presents atypically, ...

Background. Urinary infections are common, especially in women (50–60% will have at least one episode in life). Acute pyelonephritis is severe and can cause abscess, infarction, or sepsis, with significant risks for ...

Background. Allergic reactions are clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity that occur due to an abnormal immune response to harmless environmental substances such as pollen, food, or dust. These reactions are common, ...

Background. HIV coinfection remains a major determinant of tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcomes, even with the implementation of updated therapeutic protocols. Its negative impact significantly reduces treatment success ...

Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an established risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet traditional risk prediction models often underestimate the true risk in this population. QRISK-3, a contemporary ...

Background. Oncological complications represent a constant challenge in medical practice, negatively impacting both patients’ quality of life and life expectancy. Disease progression and oncological treatments are ...